The main task of the study is to estimate the Position Error in an inertial navigation system by integrating it with the visual system. The case study is a spacecraft that must accurately measure its Position relative to a predetermined landing point. The spacecraft is assumed to be augmented GNSS navigation. Therefore, when satellite signals are dropped out or when landing on a moving marine platform, the data of the vision navigation system replaces the information of the satellite navigation system and improves the accuracy of the spacecraft navigation system. An Extended Kalman filter has been used to integrate inertial and vision navigation system information. In addition, the output data of the vision system, in order to be used in the Kalman filter measurement equations, is first processed by the recursive least square filter. The relevant relations are given and based on the results of software simulation, the efficiency of the proposed method is shown.

The purpose of this article is to estimate the Position of sound sources. The proposed method uses two acoustic vector sensors in such a way that the intersection of the rays of each acoustic vector sensor (AVS) obtained from their azimuth angle shows the Position of a source. Since in practice the sound sources are non-point, then the Estimation of the Position using this method indicates the area where there is a possibility of the presence of the sound source. In this article, the effect of different parameters on the Estimation Error of the sound source Position is investigated. One of the most important parameters is the rotation angle of the sound source. The obtained results show how the Position Estimation Error changes under what conditions and parameters. This helps to provide the best conditions for estimating the Position of the sound source with the least Error. The Error in Position Estimation depends on the size of the sound source, the distance of the source to the AVS, the distance of the two sensors from each other, and the angle of the source to the sensors. The proposed method is used in identifying sound sources, especially in military industries and estimating the Position of moving sound sources such as road vehicles.

Abstract Intuition is one of the characteristics of entrepreneurs and an important factor in the decision-making processes of entrepreneurs. In recent years, at the same time as the development of entrepreneurship as an interdisciplinary science, intuition and providing different definitions of it have not been noticed by researchers and researchers in this field, and many researches have not been written in this field. This is despite the fact that in other fields of humanities, especially management (with which entrepreneurship is closely related), basic sciences and even medical sciences, there is a suitable background and theoretical literature about this. On the other hand, it seems that the theoretical and epistemological foundations of this concept have not been researched as much as necessary in the few researches that have been conducted, and very little research has been done in this field. In this article, firstly, the definitions and researches about intuition are reviewed, and secondly, the little researches that have been done in entrepreneurship and its relationship with other sciences are discussed.

The inaccurate Estimation of the initial rotor Position in a synchronous reluctance motor can lead to reduced starting torque and slower rotor speed response at startup. Various methods have been proposed to estimate the initial rotor Position of the synchronous reluctance motor, which can be categorized based on complexity, implementation, and Estimation accuracy. Some of these methods, despite their high implementation complexity, reduce the Error in estimating the initial rotor Position. On the other hand, some methods are advantageous due to their low computational burden and ease of implementation, but they exhibit a higher Error in estimating the initial rotor Position, with some methods showing Errors of up to 30 degrees. This paper examines the impact of initial rotor Position Estimation Errors on the performance of synchronous reluctance motors from various aspects. To analyze the effect of Estimation Errors on the motor's parameters, Errors of 0, 10, 20, and 30 degrees in initial rotor Position were applied, and the resulting impact on parameters such as electromagnetic starting torque and rotor speed response time to the reference speed were investigated. The simulation results were presented using MATLAB/Simulink software.

CNC machine tools are widely used to produce precise parts through executing expensive operations. In precision machining, the machine tool's geometrical and kinematical Errors cause geometrical and dimensional deviations in vital features of machined parts. Kinematic modeling of a machine tool structure can help to predict the real value of the overall tool Positioning Error. In this paper, modeling of three-axes CNC machine tools has been considered. The developed model can simply be used for all kinds of linear axes configurations, like three-axes CNC machine tools. The model can be useful for a large variety of applications, including software based Error compensation systems and prediction of the real shape of parts after being machined or measured by Error contained CNC or CMM machines. Experimental tests were conducted to validate the model. Analytical Estimations were shown to be in good accordance with experimental tests.

This paper investigates existence and uniqueness results for the first order fuzzy integro-differential equations. Then numerical results and Error bound based on the left rectangular quadrature rule, trapezoidal rule and a hybrid of them are obtained. Finally an example is given to illustrate the performance of the methods.